I hope you have enjoyed our blog posts on various health, nutritional and injury related topics. Please don't hesitate in calling us or myself if you have questions when the need to seek care arises. Call the office or myself. Office 915-850-0900 - Cell 915-540-8444 Great Regards. Dr. J
Food: Genes that determine illness are triggered by what we put into our bodies, literally what we eat. Our cells are literally created out of the foods we put into our bodies. Like most people do, we are likely eating nutrient-poor foods that create damaged dysfunctional cells. When we learn to eat foods that nourish the body, our cells repair themselves, and the new cells created will be optimal functioning cells.
Unhealthy foods create chronic inflammation, which is destructive to the body. Inflammation is normally the body’s healthy response to injury or infection. However, when inflammation becomes chronic, from constant assault on the gut by consuming the wrong foods, inflammation becomes the cause of destructive diseases, i.e. Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Colitis and other inflammatory diseases.
Table of Contents
Disclosure
Terry Wahls, MD disclosed no relevant financial relationships with any commercial interest.
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Low-Fat, Plant-Based Diet In Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized
Controlled Trial
This was a randomized-controlled, assessor- blinded, one-year long study
1. Voitk AJ, Echave V, Feller JH, et, al: Experience with elemental diet in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Is this primary therapy? Arch Surg, 1973;107: 329-333.
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Pharmacol Ther. 1997 Aug;11(4):735-40.
4. Zachos M, Tondeur M, Griffiths AM. Enteral nutritional therapy for induction of remission in Crohn’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2007
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5. Podas T, Nightingale JM, Oldham R, et al, Is rheumatoid arthritis a disease that starts in the intestine? A pilot study comparing an elemental diet with
oral prednisolone. Postgrad Med J. 2007 Feb;83(976):128-31
6. Podas T, Nightingale JM, Oldham R, et al, Is rheumatoid arthritis a disease that starts in the intestine? A pilot study comparing an elemental diet with
oral prednisolone. Postgrad Med J. 2007 Feb;83(976):128-31
Exclusion Diets
Eliminated specific protein sources – RA Sx ↓
Raw vegan, vegan and gluten free vegan
Systematic review of 14 RCTs
Dietary benefits uncertain
Small studies with risk of bias
1. Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Haugen M, Borchgrevink CF, Laerum E, Eek M, Mowinkel P, Hovi K, Førre O. Controlled trial of fasting and one-year vegetarian diet in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 1991 Oct 12;338(8772):899-902.
2. Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Haugen M, Borchgrevink CF, Førre Vegetarian diet for patients with rheumatoid arthritis–status: two years after introduction of the diet. Clin Rheumatol. 1994 Sep;13(3):475-82
3. McDougall J, Bruce B, Spiller G, et al, Effects of a very low-fat, vegan diet in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. J Altern Complement Med. 2002 Feb;8(1):71-5
4. Hafström I, Ringertz B, Spångberg A, et. al, A vegan diet free of gluten improves the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: the effects on arthritis correlate with a reduction in antibodies to food antigens. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2001 Oct;40(10):1175-9.
5. Hagen KB, Byfuglien MG, Falzon L, et, al. Dietary interventions for rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan 21;(1):
6. Smedslund G, Byfuglien MG, Olsen SU, et. al, Effectiveness and safety of dietary interventions for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of
randomized controlled trials. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 May;110(5):727-35
Exclusion Diets
Atopic dermatitis improved n=20
UC – fewer symptoms n=18
Crohn’s food sensitivities identified in half n=42
Antibody cross-reactivity between myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and the milk protein butyrophilin in MS – Inducing antibodies reacting with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and Cerebellar peptides
Liquid cow milk (not cheese) and MS prevalence was highly correlated (rho = 0.836) across 27 countries and 29 populations.
“By eliminating lectins, which adversely influence both enterocyte and lymphocyte structure and function, it is proposed that the peripheral antigenic stimulus (both pathogenic and dietary) will be reduced and thereby result in a diminution of disease symptoms in certain patients with RA.”
1. Lindeberg, S., Jönsson, T., Granfeldt, Y. et al. Diabetologia (2007) 50: 1795. doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0716-y
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Clinical Nutrition. 2007;62(5):682–685. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602790.
3. Jönsson T, Granfeldt Y, Ahrén B, et al. Beneficial effects of a Paleolithic diet on cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes: a randomized cross-over pilot study. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2009;8:35. doi:10.1186/1475-2840-8-35.
4. Frassetto LA, Schloetter M, Mietus-Synder M, Morris RC, Sebastian A. Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic, hunter- gatherer type diet. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2009;63(8):947–955. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.4.
5. Halberg N, Henriksen M, Söderhamn N, et. al, Effect of intermittent fasting and refeeding on insulin action in healthy men. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 Dec;99(6):2128-36.
6. Ryberg M, Sandberg S, Mellberg C, et al. A Palaeolithic-type diet causes strong tissue-specific effects on ectopic fat deposition in obese postmenopausal women. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2013;274(1):67–76. doi:10.1111/joim.12048.
7. Ruiz-Núñez B, Dijck-Brouwer DAJ, Muskiet FAJ. The relation of saturated fatty acids with low-grade inflammation and cardiovascular disease. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. January 2016. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.12.007.
8. Otten J, Stomby A, Waling M, et al. Benefits of a Paleolithic diet with and without supervised exercise on fat mass, insulin sensitivity, and glycemic control: A randomized controlled trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews. January 2016. doi:10.1002/dmrr.2828.
9. Konijeti GG1, Kim N, Lewis JD, Groven S, Chandrasekaran A. Efficacy of the Autoimmune Protocol Diet for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2017 Aug 29. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000001221.
10. Spreadbury I. Comparison with ancestral diets suggests dense acellular carbohydrates promote an inflammatory microbiota, and may be the primary dietary cause of leptin resistance and obesity. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2012;5:175-89.
11. Eaton SB, Konner MJ, Cordain L. Diet-dependent acid load, Paleolithic nutrition, and evolutionary health promotion. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91:295-7. Andersson A, et al. Whole‐grain foods do not affect insulin sensitivity or markers of lipid peroxidation and inflammation in healthy, moderately overweight subjects. J Nutr.2007 Jun;137(6):1401‐7.
12. Tighe P, et al. Effect of increased consumption of whole ‐ grain foods on blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk markers in healthy middle‐aged persons: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Oct;92(4):733‐40.
13. Brownlee IA, et al. Markers of cardiovascular risk are not changed by increased whole‐grain intake: the WHOLEheart study, a randomised, controlled dietary intervention. Br J Nutr. 2010 Jul;104(1):125‐34.
14. Masters RC, et al. Whole and refined grain intakes are related to inflammatory protein concentrations in human plasma. J Nutr. 2010 Mar;140(3):587‐94.
15. Katcher HI, et al. The effects of a whole grain-enriched hypocaloric diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in men and women with metabolic syndrome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jan;87(1):79‐90.
Nutrient Triage
Low micronutrient intake may accelerate the degenerative diseases of aging through allocation of scarce micronutrients by triage.
Fruit and vegetable consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and dose response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
16 studies – 833,234 participants
Risk Of All Cause Mortality Associated With Servings/Day Of Fruit & Vegetables
Dose-Response Relation Between Fruit & Vegetable Consumption & Risk Of All Cause Mortality
BMJ. 2014; 349: g4490.
1. Neuroprotective Effect of Brassica oleracea Sprouts Crude Juice in a Cellular Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Med Cell Longev.2015;2015:781938
2. Learning and memory promoting effects of crude garlic extract. Indian J Exp Biol.2013 Dec;51(12):1094-100.
3. Enhancement of the neuroprotective activity of Hericium erinaceus mycelium co-cultivated with Allium sativum extract. Arch Physiol Biochem.2015 Feb;121(1):19-25.
4. Mori K, Obara Y, Hirota M, Azumi Y, Kinugasa S, Inatomi S, Nakahata N. Nerve growth factor-inducing activity of Hericium erinaceus in 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Sep;31(9):1727-32.
5. Lee DH, Kim HW. Innate immunity induced by fungal β-glucans via dectin-1 signaling pathway. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2014;16(1):1-16.
6. Akramiene D, Kondrotas A, Didziapetriene J, Kevelaitis E Effects of beta-glucans on the immune system. Medicina (Kaunas).2007;43(8):597-606.
7. Lai PL, Naidu M,Sabaratnam V,Wong K, DaviP, Kuppusamy UR, Abdullah N, Malek SN. Neurotrophic properties of the Lion’s mane medicinal mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Higher Basidiomycetes) from Malaysia Int J Med Mushrooms.2013;15(6):539-54.
8. Phan CW, David P, Naidu M, Wong KH, Sabaratnam V. Therapeutic potential of culinary-medicinal mushrooms for the management of neurodegenerative diseases: diversity, metabolite, and mechanism. Crit Rev Biotechnol.2015;35(3):355-68.
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10. Berry antioxidants: small fruits providing large benefits. J Sci Food Agric.2014 Mar 30;94(5):825-33
11. Dietary and plant polyphenols exert neuroprotective effects and improve cognitive function in cerebral ischemia. Recent Pat Food Nutr Ag. 2013 Aug;5(2):128-43.
12. The impact of fruit flavonoids on memory and cognition. Br J Nutr.2010 Oct;104 Suppl 3:S40-7. d
13. Grape juice, berries, and walnuts affect brain aging and behavior. J Nutr. 2009 Sep;139(9):1813S-7S.
14. Fruit polyphenolics and brain aging: nutritional interventions targeting age-related neuronal and behavioral deficits. Ann N Y Acad Sci.2002 Apr;959:128-32.
15. Reversing the deleterious effects of aging on neuronal communication and behavior: beneficial properties of fruit polyphenolic compounds. Am J Clin Nutr.2005 Jan;81(1 Suppl):313S-316S.
16. Krikorian R, Shidler MD, Nash TA, Kalt W, Vinqvist-Tymchuk MR, Shukitt-Hale B, Joseph JA. Blueberry supplementation improves memory in older adults. J Agric Food Chem.2010 Apr 14;58(7):3996-4000.
17. Funding for the studies was provided by the US Highbush Blueberry Council, the National Institute on Aging, and Wild Blueberries of North America. Dr. Krikorian has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
18. Lobo GP Amengual J, Baus D, Shivdasani RA Genetics and diet regulate vitamin A production via the homeobox transcription factor ISX. J Biol Chem.2013 Mar 29;288(13):9017-27
β-carotene Is Not Retinol (Vitamin A)
β-Carotene is converted to vitamin A in the intestine by the enzyme β-carotene-15,15′- monoxygenase (BCMO1) to support vision, reproduction, immune function, and cell differentiation.
Considerable variability in BCMO1 exists and can effect individual vitamin A status
Nutritional Adequacy (%RDA) US Diet Vs. Study Diet
Multimodal Intervention Improves Quality Of Life
Mood & Cognition
In the setting of progressive MS Improved thinking ability and reduced anxiety and reduced depression
Average daily servings of the study diet recommended (vegetables/fruits) and excluded (gluten/dairy/eggs) foods p < 0.01 difference from baseline to 12 months
Average Scores On The Mood Measures At Each Study Visit
Average Scores On The DKEFS & WAIS Sub-Scales At Each Study Visit.
Relapsing Remitting MS
Reduce Fatigue
↑Mental & Physical QoL 16% (> 5 points)
Improved Motor Function
A Simplified Model Of FMD‐Mediated Effects On Glucocorticoid, Immune Suppression & Oligodendrocyte Regeneration & Differentiation In MS
N=60 6 Month Human Clinical Trial
FMD 100 ml broth, 1 T flax oil tid, 200 – 350 Kcal, Plus enema as needed 7 days Mediterranean diet
Ketogenic(KD) 160gmfatm<100gPro,<50g CHO
Usual diet
Change at 3 month of (k) overall quality of life, (l) change in health, (m) physical health composite, and (n) mental health composite. The dotted line represents a threshold that is thought to be clinically important
The composition of gut microbiota is influenced by multiple factors, such as diet and host genotype. Within the gut, ecological processes such as selection and evolution take place. The use of antibiotics reduces the numbers and diversity of gut microbiota.
Higher quality diet (food), stress reduction, movement – are relatively safe with large favorable benefits for all cause mortality
3 month trial of a grain free, dairy free, sugar free vegetable rich (or gluten free vegetarian) diet is relatively safe with potential for many favorable benefits
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