Purpose of Intermittent Fasting, According to Science | El Paso

Intermittent fasting is not a diet, but a diet program that is supposed to accelerate fat loss and muscle development compared to traditional eating schedules. It is promoted primarily from the scientific community, however, there are no scientific research (as of February 2014) who have affirmed intermittent fasting to gaining muscle while losing weight.

With metabolic restriction, intermittent fasting may lead to weight reduction. In a recent review (Varady, 2011) and a recent randomized clinical trial (Harvie et al., 2011), many writers concluded that intermittent fasting and daily caloric restriction are equally effective at promoting weight loss in overweight and obese individuals. No research to date has been performed with athletes that require upkeep of strength, muscular size, and function.

Intermittent Fasting Approach & Scientific Support

There have been many suggested methods for intermittent fasting, from skipping a single meal daily to eating only every other day. The majority of these diets are encouraged through webpages, blogs, and books published by exercise and diet enthusiasts.

Up to now, regardless of the focused marketing of intermittent fasting into the athletic community, there are just a few well-controlled, scientific research exploring the effects of intermittent fasting on the body composition and performance in athletes. Currently, the majority of the scientific evidence for the health benefits of intermittent fasting has arrived from animal studies (Longo and Mattson, 2014) and the unwanted effects of intermittent fasting have originated from Muslim athletes throughout Ramadan (review: (Chaouachi et al., 2009), both with restricted ability to be translated into the overall athletic community. Even more and more human research have been conducted to confirm claims discovered in animals, many studies have been with patients with a certain illness or condition (ex. Rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, and obesity) rather than in healthy, energetic individuals.

Similarities Among Strategies

The different intermittent fasting approaches tend to emphasize their differences (and therefore purported superiority) however, there are also many similarities. Among the advantages of the form of caloric control is that it allows people. Instead of linking “appetite” with “panic” or even “want” (Ganley 1989), “hunger” can theoretically be newly associated with “achievement” or “pride”, or simply dismissed.

Really, with any method, there’s a critical transition period of approximately 3-6 weeks through which the human body and mind adapt to the new eating schedule (Longo and Mattson, 2014). This period can be extremely uncomfortable, as restricted eating was anecdotally associated with intense hunger, irritability, loss of stamina, loss of libido, along with other unwanted side effects (Dirks and Leeuwenburgh 2006; Johnstone 2007; Heilbronn, Smith, et al. 2005). When the body is accustomed, however, the hunger levels may decrease and disposition might become more favorable in contrast to prior to the program began. Elevated mood and diminished hunger on caloric restrictive diets are noted in some (Wing et al. 1991) although not all (ex. (Heilbronn, Smith, et al., 2005) research.

Intermittent fasting isn’t a weight loss program per se; only if calories are restricted will somebody lose weight. Although intermittent fasting is one way to limit intake of total calories to achieve weight loss (Varady et al., 2009; Varady, 2011; Harvie et al., 2011), there have not been any studies to date on athletes who prioritize maintenance of muscle size and strength. In actuality, there are conflicting views on whether intermittent caloric limitation. daily calorie restriction greatest maintain lean muscle mass (Varady, 2011; Johnstone, 2007).

All of these approaches emphasize the value of the nutritional quality of the meals that are consumed. Nutrients like fiber, fat, protein, vitamins, and minerals are crucial for good health and, because nutrients aren’t consumed while fasting, they are especially important when breaking the fast. Additionally, drinking a lot of water has been encouraged both to stay hydrated and to alleviate hunger. John Berardi of Precision Nutrition (see “More info”) allows green powders, green tea, and branched chain amino acids during his quick, but it’s unknown how these supplements influence appetite, energy levels, muscle synthesis/breakdown, or the general advantages of intermittent fasting.

Exercising and Intermittent Fasting

All intermittent fasting approaches can be damaging to athletic gains for several reasons. To begin with, meals in close proximity to your workout are essential for optimal performance, healing, and muscle gain (Aragon and Schoenfeld, 2013). Secondly, greater appetite sensations can hinder compliance in addition to increase the potential to over-consume meals when it becomes available (Hawks and Gas,t 1998). Despite the frequent belief that you will burn off more fat if you exercise while firming, performing aerobic exercise in the fasted state is not recommended (review: (Schoenfeld 2011)). Actually:

• Performing aerobic exercise following consuming carbohydrates doesn’t hinder fat oxidation (Febbraio et al., 2000; p Bock et al., 2008),
• Performing aerobic exercise fasted will also promote reduction of lean muscle mass, since muscle will be burned for fuel (Lemon and Mullin, 1980),
• Exercising at a fasted state often does not result in an optimal exercise. In contrast, having readily available energy will allow optimal performance that will burn off more calories overall and lead to the Greatest gains (Loy et al., 1986; Schabort et al., 1999),
• Exercising at the fasted condition, fed state reduces static and dynamic balance and can increase the risk of harm (Johnson and Leck, 2010).

There are fewer studies investing the effects of doing resistance training in the fasted vs. fed state, but it is anticipated that the same points hold true.

Intermittent fasting recommends consuming at least 5 grams BCAAs before a workout when exercising during your fasting period. There’s no proof substantiating that claim, although this bolus of BCAAs in your blood flow theoretically could help maintain muscle protein throughout the exercise. In one study, a BCAA infusion prior to a workout in the fasted state failed to enhance performance in one set of individuals onto a rated incremental exercise test (Varnier et al., 1994). So that you can enjoy a complete meal that is post-workout advocates also advise to program your schedule, but they tend to dismiss the importance for pre-workout nourishment.

As you can see, all diet programs share a frequent theme of compartmentalizing “fasting” and “eating” periods. Because there is no one method that’s best so many versions of those diets exist. Further, some individuals who attempt fasting use a hybrid of present approaches to discover a technique that is successful.

Most importantly, intermittent fasting isn’t suggested for pregnant women, women that are breastfeeding, people with diabetes, or other people who wish to closely regulate their blood sugar. In addition, there has not been a study on participants that are underweight, very old, or very young.

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By Dr. Alex Jimenez

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